Таблиця А.1 – Відображення процесу пізнания локально-темпоральних характеристик об’єктивної реальності шляхом алонімічного ряду
квантитативності (ЛСПК) Q = L + Т
Простір?форма?розмір?величина?час
space (n)
1) a gap or an area that is not filled between two or more objects or points;
2) an area or a place that is not occupied and is available for use, room;
3) a large area, esp. not built on;
4) the dimensions of height, depth and width in which all things exist and more;
5) an interval of time
room (n)
1) a part of a building that has its own walls, floor and ceiling;
2) space that can be used for a purpose, e.g. where smth can be put
area (n)
1) the extent or measurement of a surface;
2) a region or part of the world, a country, a city, etc.;
3) a subject, range of activity or interest, etc.
place (n)
a particular area or position
position (n)
1) a place where smb/smth is;
2) a place or rank in relation to others
region (n)
1) an area, used without fixed limits;
part (n)
1) some but not all of a thing;
2) distinct portion of a human or an animal body or of a plant;
3) an area or a region of a country, town, etc.;
4) a section of a book
form(n)
1) the particular way in which the parts of smth are arranged;
2) the shape of smth/smb;
dimension (n)
1) a measurement of any sort, e.g. breadth, length, thickness, height, etc.;
2) (-s) size, extent
size (n)
1) the dimensions, extent or amount of smth/smb, esp. in relation of smth/smb else;
2) the large extent, amount, etc. of smth/smb;
3) any of a number of standard measurements in which items, e.g. clothes or shoed, are made or sold
large
1) of considerable size, extent or capacity
measure (v) (n)
1) to find the size; length or amount of smth by comparing it with a standard unit; to be a certain size or length;
2) a unit used for stating the size, quantity or degree of smth; a standard quantity of smth; an indication of the extent of smth; a certain amount of smth;
3) an instrument such as a rod, tape or container marked with standard units which is used for testing e.g. length or volume
volume (n)
the amount of space in a container or that a substance occupies
amount (v) (n)
1) to make smth as a total;
2) to add up to smth;
1) a sum of money;
2) a quantity
total (adj)
being the full number or amount
number (n)
1) an idea, a symbol or a word indicating a quantity of units;
2) a quantity of an amount of people or things;
3) a group or quantity of people
group
1) a number of people or things gathered, placed or acting together;
2) a set of business companies under joint control
quantity (n)
1) the measurement of smth by stating how much of it there is;
2) an amount or number of smth
extent (n)
the size, range or scale of smth
range (n)
1) a number of different things of the same general type;
2) the distance within which one can see or hear;
3) an area of ground with targets for soldiers
scale (n)
1) the relative size, extent etc of smth;
2) a range of values forming a system for measuring or grading smth
degree (n)
1) a unit of measurement for angles;
2) a unit of measurement for temperature;
3) amount, extent
length (n)
1) the amount smth measures or extends from one end to another;
2) the amount of time occupied by smth;
3) the size of a thing used as a unit of measurement
breadth (n)
1) the distance or measurement from side to side;
2) wide extent, e.g. of knowledge, range
thickness (n)
thick(adj.)
the quality or degree of being thick;
1) having a relatively great distance between opposite surfaces or sides;
2) having a large number of parts, objects or people close together
height (n)
1) the measurement from the bottom to the top of a person or thing;
2) the distance of an object or a position above ground or seа level;
3) the main point or highest degree of smth
distance (n)
1) the amount of space between two points;
2) being separated in space or by the time
time (n)
1) all the years of the past, present and future;
2) a portion or measure of time;
3) a period of time, either long or short;
4) a point of time stated in hours and minutes of the day;
5) a period of time measured in units, e.g. years, months, hours, etc.
portion (n)
1) a part or share into which smth is divided;
2) an amount of food suitable for or served to one person
share (n)
1) a part or portion of a large amount which is divided among several or many people, or to which several or many people contribute;
2) a person’s part in smth done, received, etc. by several people;
3) any of the equal parts into which the money of a business company is divided, giving the holder a right to a portion of the profits
money (n)
1) a means of payment, e.g. coins and paper notes, given and accepted in buying and selling;
2) wealth; the total value of smb’s property;
3) payment for work, wages;
4) a sum of money
sum (n)
1) an amount of money;
2) the total obtained by adding together numbers, amounts, items;
3) a simple problem that involves calculating numbers
calculate (v)
to estimate smth by using numbers or one’s judgment; to work smth out
several (indef. det, indef.
pron)
more than three;
2) some, but fewer than many
many
(indef. det)
a large number of people or things
some (indef det, indef pron)
1) a certain amount of smth, but not a specified amount;
2) a certain number, but not a specified number;
3) a part of a whole number or amount being considered
three (n, pron, det)
the number 3 (like 4, 5, etc.)
period (n)
1) a length or portion of time;
2) a portion of time in the life of a person, nation or civilization
past (adj)
1) gone by in time;
2) belonging to an earlier time
present (adj)
1) in a particular place at a particular time;
2) existing or happening now
now
(adv)
at the present time
future (n)
the time that will come after the present; events that will happen then
then
(adv)
at that time (referring to a time in the past or future)
year (n)
1) the time taken by the earth to travel once round the sun, about 365 % days;
2) the period from 1 January to 31 December, e.g. 365 days, or 366 in a leap year;
3) age, time of life
month (n)
1) any of the twelve periods of time into which the year is divided, e.g., May or June;
2) a period of time between a day in one month and the corresponding day in the next month, e.g., 3 June to 3 July;
January (n)
the first month of the year
day (n)
1) the time between sun's rising and setting;
2) a particular period of time
hour (n)
1) 60 minutes; one of the 24 divisions of a day;
2) a period of about an hour;
3) the distance that can be traveled in an hour;
4) a moment or period of time when smth important happens
moment (n)
1) a very brief period of time;
2) an exact point of time
minute (n)
1) any of the 60 equal parts of an how; equal to 60 seconds;
2) any of 60 equal parts of a degree, used in measuring angles
second (n)
1) any of 60 equal parts of a minute, used in measuring time;
2) a short time, a moment
age (n)
1) the length of time that a person has lived or a thing has existed;
2) the latter part of life;
3) a very ling time
life (n)
1) a period between birth and death;
2) a period between which smth continues to exist or function
Таблиця A.2 – Базові алоніми в експлікації метамови поля кількості
quantity (n)
1) the measurement of smth by stating how much of it there is;
2) an amount or number of smth
much (n)
a large amount or quantity of smth (compare many; little / few)
many (n)
1) a large number of people or things
little
1) not big, small;
2) of distance or time short;
3) young;
4) not much, a small amount of smth
number (n)
1) an idea, a symbol or a word indicating a quantity of units;
2) a quantity of an amount of people or things;
3) a group or quantity of people
amount (v) (n)
1) to make smth as a total;
2) to and up to smth;
1) a sum of money;
2) a quantity
group (n)
1) a number of people or things gathered, placed or acting together;
2) a set of business companies under joint control
money (n)
1) a means of payment, esp coins and paper notes, given and accepted in buying and selling;
2) payment for work;
3) sum of money
sum (n)
1) an amount of money;
2) the total obtained by adding together numbers amounts, items;
3) a simple problem that involves calculating number
calculate (v)
to estimate smth by using numbers or one’s judgment
distance (n)
1) the amount of space between two points or places;
2) being separated in space or by the time
space (n)
1) a gap or an area that is not filled between two or more objects;
2) an area or a place that is not occupied and is available for use, room;
3) a large area, esp. not built on;
4) the dimensions of height, depth and width in which all things exist and move;
5) an interval of time
area (n)
1) the extent or measurement of a surface;
2) a region or part of the world, a country, a city
place (n)
a particular area or position
position (n)
1) a place where smb/smth is;
2) a place or rank in relation to others
movement
1) an act of changing position;
2) a direction of thought or opinion;
direction (n)
a course that a person or thing moves along
room (n)
1) a part of a building that has its own walls, floor and ceiling;
2) space that can be used for a purpose, eg where smth can be put
part (n)
1) some but not all of a thing;
2) distinct portion of a human or an animal body or of a plant;
3) an area or a region of a country, town, etc;
4) a section of a book
measure (v) (n)
1) to find the size; length or amount of smth by comparing it with a standard unit;
2) to be a certain size or length;
3)a unit used for stating the size, quantity or degree of smth;
4) a standard quantity of smth;
5) an indication of the extent of smth;
6) a certain amount of smth;
7) an instrument such as a rod, tape or container marked with standard units which is used for testing e.g., length or volume
size (n)
1) the dimensions, extent or amount of smth/smb, esp. in relation of smth;
2) any of a number of standard measurements in which items, e.g. clothes or shoes, are made or sold
largeness (n)
of considerable size, extent or capacity
form (n)
1) the particular way in which the parts of smth are arranged;
2) the shape of smth/smb
degree
1) a unit of measurement for angles; temperature;
2) amount, extent
volume
the amount of space in a container or that a substance occupies
container
a box, bottle, etc of considerable size in which smth is kept, transported, etc.
time
1) all the years of the past, present and future;
2) a period of time measured in units, is years, months, hours, etc.
year
1) the time taken by the earth to travel once round the sun, about days;
2) age, time of life
succession
1)1) a number of things or people following each other in time or order;
2) the action, process or right of succeeding
sequence
a set of events, numbers, actions, etc., in which each follows the one before continuously or in a particular order
order (n)
the way in which people or things are placed or arranged in relation to each other
continual (?continuance)
occurring repeatedly all the time
to add (up) (v)
1) to put smth together with smth else so as to increase the size; number, amount, etc.;
2) to put numbers or amounts together to get a total
increase (v) (n)
1)1) to become or make smth great in number, quantity, size, etc. (compare decrease);
2) an amount by which smth increases
decrease (v) (n)
1) to become or make smth smaller or fewer;
1) the process of decreasing a reduction;
2) an amount by which smth decreases
Таблиця A.3 – СПГ квантитативності y словнику A. S. Hornby «Ноrnbу Learner’s Dictionary»
Семантичнa підгрупa
(СПГ)
Кількісна представ-леність
Вміст у %
Приклад
1. Кількість
13
0,08
handful, glassful, roomful, wad
2. Багато
24
0,15
abound, amount, flood, fullness
3. Мало
16
0,1
nip, point, speck, whit, little
4. Число
89
0,57
autograph, bicycle, centenarian, decade
5. Група (сума)
189
1,2
abbey, company, alliance, amass, band
6. Емність
23
0,15
aquarium, bottle, bale, batch
7. Частина
76
0,49
dose, atom, article, arm, north
8. Одиниця вимірювання (обчислення)
59
0,38
acre, carat, dram, ell, furlong
9. Гроші
32
0,21
bob, ducat, eagle, florin
10. Час
17
0,11
always, triennial, today, untimely
11. Тривалість
48
0,31
afternoon, age, cycle, millennium, month
12. Вік
10
0,06
adult, junior, major, minor, teens
13. Порядок (у часі)
41
0,26
afterwards, Friday, January, jubilee
14. Площа
15
0,1
rabia, territory, field, Asia, zone
15. Місце
22
0,14
altar, Alexandria, apse,
16. Відстань
12
0,08
about, alien, flight, way
17. Порядок (розташування)
109
0,7
apart, aside, break, fast, beginner
18. Напрямок
6
0,04
advance, arrival, r
egress, retrospect
19. Рух
6
0,04
accession, approach
20.Вимірюван-ня
19
0,12
abacus, dimension, avoirdupois
21. Величина
3
0,02
age, adequate
22. Розмір
27
0,17
alpenstock, anecdote, booklet, average
23. Форма
11
0,07
cube, angle, hemisphere, heptagon
24. Приміщення
3
0,02
ambulance, arsenal, auditorium
25. Зменшення
17
0,11
reduction, brevity, deduction, arrest
26. Збільшення
17
0,11
growth, increase, surtax, appendix
27. Ступінь прояву кількості
38
0,25
acme, aged, utmost, frequency
Коефіцієнт квантитатив-ності (KQ )
942 (Q) 14566(NQ)
6,5%
Таблиця А.4 – Квантитативна лексика в алфавітних розділах словника A. S. Hornby «Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary»
Алфавітний
сектор
Співвідно-шення KО
та цілого лексичено-го складу сектора
% вміст КО в алфавітно-му секторі
% вміст КО по відношен-ню до загального складу словника
Приклади
А
575/269
47%
1,76%
alcove, any, all, amount, quarium
В
775/36
4,7%
0,24%
betch, bob, bit, boocklet
С
1350/50
4%
0,36%
cake, carat, crumb, cubit
D
744/30
4,3%
0,21%
detail, doze, degree, dram, decilitre
Е
550/16
3%
0,11%
eagle, ell, epilogue, extremity
F
630/64
10%
0,43%
finger, flake, foot, fathom, freckle
G
515/15
3,3%
0,11%
gill, gallon, gramme, grain, gheto
H
600/26
3,8%
0,15%
half, hunch, hunk, hectogramme
I
482/4
1%
0,03%
inch, item, individual
J
175/10
6,8%
0,08%
jar, jug, jugful, July, June, January
К
121/7
6,6%
0,05%
kilometer, kilocycle, kettle, keg
L
532/19
3,9%
0,14%
loaf, league, litre, lira, lunch
M
880/65
7,7%
0,44%
majority, mile member, metre, menfolk
N
250/14
6,4%
0,1%
north, neighbour, nucleus, mugget
0
245/10
4,8%
0,08%
ounce
P
1530/42
2,9%
0,24%
pert, pint, pipe, pound, peso
Q
95/20
23%
0,14%
quid, quintal, quart
R
890/39
4,7%
0,27%
rusk, road, reminder, region, ream
S
2022/85
4,4%
0,57%
slice, shire, sector, span, stone, score
T
1112/62
5,9%
0,43%
territory, township, ton, tuppence, toe
U
146/16
12,3%
0,12%
uni, unity, unilateral, umpteen, undermost
V
340/6
2,3%
0,05%
vertex, variouse, verst
W
596/17
3%
0,12%
west, wad, way, wide, whiff, weight
X
7/1
14%
0,01%
X
Y
81/8
11%
0,06%
yard, Yorkshire
Z
36/3
11%
0,03%
zero, zenith, zone
add
229/8
4,3%
0,03%
Разом
15508/942
6%
Таблиця А.5 – Семантична структура еталонів лічби сучасної англійської мови
Еталон лічби
Значення
person
1. Aliving human being. 2. An individual of specified character. 3. The composite of characteristics that make up an individual personality; the self. 4. The living body of a human being. 5. Physique and general appearance. 6. Law. A human being or an organization with legal rights and duties
item
1. А single article or unit in the list. 2. А single piece of news
thing
1. An entity, an idea, or a quality perceived, known, or thought to have its own existence. 2. a) the real or concrete substance of an entity, b) an entity existing in space and time; с) an inanimate object. 3. Something referred to by a word, a symbol, a sign, or an idea; a referent. 4. A creature. 5. An individual object. 6. a) that which can be possessed or owned; b) an article of closing. 7. The equipment needed for an activity or a special purpose. 8. An object or entity that is not or cannot be named specifically. 9. a) an act, deed, or work; b) the result of work or activity. 9. A thought, a notion, or an utterance. 10. A piece of information. 11. A means to end. 12. An end or objective. 13. A matter of concern. 14. A turn of events; a circumstance. 15. a) the general state of affairs; conditions; b) a particular state of affairs; a situation
unit
1. An individual, a group, a structure, or other entity regarded as an elementary constituent of a whole. 2. A group regarded as a distinct entity within a large group. 3. a) а mechanical part or module; b) аn entire apparatus or the equipment that performs a specific function. 4. A precise quantity in terms of which the magnitudes of other quantities of the same kind can be stated. 5. A fixed amount of scholastic study used in calculating academic credits, usually measured in hours of formal instruction or laboratory work. A section of an academic course focusing on a selected theme. 6. The number immediately to the left of the decimal point in the Arabic numeral system.
point
1. Anarrow, usually sharp, end of smth; a tip. 2. Any dot used in writing or printing. 3. A particular place or area. 4. A particular time or instant. 5. A particular stage in a process of change or development. 6. A unit of measurement or value. 7. A specific item or detail. 8. A thing said as part of a discussion. 9. The matter under discussion. 10. The essential meaning, feature, purpose or value. 11. A distinctive feature or characteristic. 12. A unit of measurement for the size of letters in printing
after 48 deals of a scheduled 96, one by one to 6.14 percent, from 6.21 percent from 1960 to 1980, for another two, to three years, in the next 30 to 35 minutes, $ 5.50 at $ 78, in the late 1940s
53
5,3%
30
3,0%
(pr1) (det1) (Sp1) Sp2 (pr2) (det2) Num (Adj) (N)
from mid-98
just four more words
an average of 10 percent
in early 52
less than the $ 3 mln
at least as early as 1,941
65
6,5%
33
3,3%
(pr1) Num 1 (conj.) (pr2) (Num2) (N) Sp
to 984.7; to the dollar; 7-inch long by 40 percent or more; for 3 years to come one or two at a time 100, 75 and 50 years ago, from 5:30 to 6:30 p.m. 6 1/8 to 22 7/9 a day
74
7,4%
35
3,5%
(Sp1) Sp2Num (N) Sp3
worth about $ 2,000 a day about 70 mln years ago, as many as 28 total, about 150 maximum
18
1,8%
12
1,2%
(pr) (det1)_ (Pron) Num (conj) (det2) (N1...) (Adj...) N2
the three-and-a-half-hour tour 5-foot metallic blue fish its $ 740 mln acquisition in I 980s tour the 77-year history
the 10 Central and East European candidates
a 25,5 percent increase
the nine-month operating profit
102
10%
52
5,2%
(pr) (det) (Pron) N1 (N2...) Num (N3...) (Adj...) N4
through the wacky 70 years for an additional 12 to 18 months, an estimated 3,000 people, chilly 1994 novel a floral white 1996 Rousanue-Marsanne, the total Dec. 1994 financial crisis
24
2,4%
16
1,6%
(det) (Adj) (N1) Num N2 Sp N3
a 19-year-old physicist
a 200-foot-wide pond
a 510 million one-time tax
11
1,1%
7
0,7%
(Sp1) Sp2 (det)Num1 (conj) (Num2...) N1 (Adj.) N2
only about 700 guest rooms, only a 15-or-20-minute walk
12
1,2%
4
0,4%
(det) (Sp1) Num 1(N1) (conj) (Sp2)Num2 (Sp3)(N2...) (Adj...) N3
10 milesand seven or more hours round trip, nearly 3,700 foreign-owned and more than 10,000 Swiss owned dormant accounts
8
0,8%
3
0,3%
(pr) (Sp) Num1 N1 (conj) (Num2) (N2) pr2 (det) N3
over 15% of staff
to seventy-live percent of people
135 pieces plus 10 variants on characters
12
1,2%
18
1,8%
(pr1) (det) (Sp) Num pr2 (det) (Pron) (Adj...) (N1...) N2
one of the most important men,
the only one of the Hami's films,
in one of the stranger manifestations,
just one of several issues,
one of the world's largest and most profitable food
on Wednesday of 1989, a charge of $ 450 million, a loss of $ 21,6 mln a year, months of 1997, the spring of 1993 questions about 737 production problems, managers of about 20 divisions
25
2,5%
14
1,4%
(pr) (det)N1 (N2...) (Adj...) Num1 (Num2...)
P. 13
on Dec. 3, 97 in August 1974 on July 16, 1973, on time Jan. 1, 1999, Elisabeth II, Box 51166