Causative agents of Typhoid Fever and Salmonellosis
57. Culture agent of typhoid fever was isolated from patient’s blood. What cultural properties are characteristic of this agent?
? Formation of colonies of red colour with metallic sheen on the Endo agar.
? Formation of colourless colonies on the bismuth-sulfite agar.
? Haemolysis on the blood agar.
? Formation of soft pellicle on the alkaline peptone water.
+Formation of colourless or pink colonies on Endo and MacConkey’s media.
58. An outbreak of food poisoning was associated with use of confectionery kept under the room temperature which is made of duck eggs. What organisms could provoke this disease?
? Colon bacillus.
+ Salmonella.
? Staphylococcus.
? Legionella.
? Choleric vibrio.
59. During serodiagnosis of typhoid fever this reaction was made: diagnosticums of three types of organisms are added to different solutions of patient’s serum, the result is evaluated by presence of agglutinate. This reaction is called:
? Bordet-Gengou test.
? Wassermann test.
? Wright test.
? Ascoli test.
+ Widal test.
60. Effective diagnosis of intestinal infections agents’ carrier is based on detection of antibodies to certain bacterial antigens in passive haemagglutination test. What standard preparation should be used in this reaction?
+ Erythrocyte diagnosticum with absorbed bacteria antigens.
? Antibodies against basic classes of immunoglobulins.
? Monoclonal antibodies.
? Monoreceptor diagnosis sera.
? Sheep’s erythrocytes and haemolytic serum.
61. Apatient is taken to the infectious clinic with “Typhoid fever” primary diagnosis. He has been ill for three days. What method will make it possible to prove the diagnosis?
? Stoolculture investigation.
? Urinoculture investigation.
? Biliculture investigation.
? Roseoloculture investigation.
+ Hemoculture investigation.
62. A45-year-old male was taken to hospital with primary diagnosis of “typhoid fever in incubation period”. On feces, bacteriological investigation, intestinal infection agent was detected with such features: transparent red colonies with metallic sheen on Endo medium; round convex red colonies on BSA; without forming spores and capsules; gram-negative bacilli, peritrichaetes; ferment carbohydrates producing acid and gas. By what signs did the bacteriologist rule out the isolated culture as typhoid fever agent?
? Non growth on Endo agar.
? Spores formation.
? Immobile bacteria.
? Gram-positive bacteria.
+ Non fermenting lactose, colourless colonies on Endo agar.
63. During the systematic inspection on typhoid fever agent carrier, of the food enterprise employee, the titre of H-antigen 1:80 was detected with the help of passive haemagglutination test. Could this man be bacteria carrier?
+ He is bacteria carrier.
? He is a patient.
? He is in the height of the disease.
? He is not bacteria carrier.
? He is in acute stage of typhoid fever.
64. During bacteriological investigation of feces, of restaurant chef, who doesn’t have clinical signs of a disease, small black colonies with metallic sheen grew on the bismuth- sulfite agar. What organism could it be?
? Shigella.
? Escherichia.
? Staphylococcus.
+ Salmonella.
? Streptococcus.
65. Apatient suspected to have typhoid fever is taken to the hospital. He has been ill for 10 days. The results of Widal test are received. Point out what results of Widal test correspond with the height of the disease.
? Agglutination test is positive with antigen of paratyphoid B agent in serum solution 1:100.
? Agglutination test is positive with antigen of paratyphoid A agent in serum solution 1:100.
? Agglutination test is positive only with H-antigen in serum solution 1:100.
? Agglutination test is positive with O- and H-antigens in serum solutions 1:100.
+ Agglutination test is positive with O-antigen in serum solution 1:200.
66. Having eaten meat, a patient developed such signs: growing intoxication, elevated temperature, fever, head-ache, diarrhea. What species of microorganism is most probably the causative agent?
? Staphylococcus aureus.
+ Salmonella typhimurium.
? Proteus vulgaris.
? Streptococcus faecalis.
? Escherichia coli.
67. Apatient is suspected to have typhoid fever. What investigation could be used for earlier (first days) diagnosis of this disease?
? Agent culture isolation from lymphatic nodes.
? Agent culture isolation from feces.
? Agent culture isolation from bile.
? Agent culture isolation from urine.
+ Agent culture isolation from blood.
68. During bacteriological investigation of patient’s vomiting, stomach washing waters; gram-negative bacilli of medium size with rounded ends, mobile, which agglutinate, with Salmonellosis O-serum of group B, were isolated. Identical microorganisms were also detected in meat salad that had been eaten by the patients. The agent of what disease is described in this particular case?
? Escherichia - food toxic infection agent.
? Proteus - food toxic infection agent.
+ Salmonella – acute gastroenteritis agent.
? Salmonella – paratyphoid A agent.
? Salmonella – typhoid fever agent.
69. Taking into consideration the patient’s complaints, objective investigation data and epidemical situation, the doctor made preliminary clinical diagnosis of “typhoid fever” and sent the investigated material to the bacteriological laboratory. The patient has been ill for two days. By what method of microbiological diagnosis can the patient’s diagnosis be confirmed?
+ Bacteriological.
? Serological.
? Microscopic.
? Allergic.
? Biological.
70. Apatient suspected to have typhoid fever was not diagnosed for two weeks of the disease. What material is necessary to send to the laboratory for bacteriological investigation on the 3-4th week?
? Mucus from nose.
+ Feces and urine.
? Mucus from pharynx.
? Sputum.
? Washing waters of the stomach.
71. For serological diagnosis of typhoid fever Widal test is used. What mechanism of antigens and antibodies interaction is put into its basis?
? Haemolysis.
? Bacteriolysis.
? Bacteria immobilization.
? Precipitation.
+ Agglutination.
72. While inspecting a patient on the 3d day of the disease, the doctor suspected him of having typhoid fever. What microbiological method of investigation should be used to confirm the diagnosis?
+ Hemoculture investigation.
? Method of biological experiment.
? Widal test.
? Chicken embryos infection.
? Urineculture investigation.
73. Apatient with diagnosis “typhoid fever” was taken to hospital. After the treatment the patient’s condition considerably improved. Thus the antibiotic therapy was cancelled. Next day the patient’s condition deteriorated: signs of intoxication appeared, temperature increased up to 38,4 °C. What form of infection was that?
? Reinfection.
? Persisting infection.
? Superinfection.
? Chronic infection.
+ Recurrent infection.
74. Alaboratory received a set for serological reactions which include: a/ erythrocyte diagnosticum (stabilized erythrocytes with conjugated on them Vi-antigens of typhoid fever agent); b/ buffered isotonic solution; c/ standard serum with antibodies to Vi-antigen of typhoid fever agent. What serological reactions is the set intended for?
? Neutralisation test.
? CFT.
? Haemagglutination inhibition test.
+ Passive haemagglutination test.
? Haemagglutination test.
75. Blood of a patient infected with typhoid fever was sent to laboratory for antibodies test. Which of the following reactions should be used?
? Complement fixation test.
? Haemagglutination inhibition test.
+ Agglutination test.
? Precipitation test.
? Haemolysis test.
76. Chloramphenicol was prescribed to a 50-year-old patient for typhoid fever treatment, but next day the patient’s condition deteriorated, temperature increased up to 39,6°C. How can the deterioration of the patient’s condition be explained?
+ Endotoxin action.
? Secondary infection joining.
? Reinfection.
? Agent insensitiveness (resistance) to chloramphenicol.
? Allergic reaction.
77. During investigation of Typhoid fever outbreak in village N. strains of typhoid fever bacteria were found out in patients, milk products and in a milk shop assistant (bacteria carrier). Additional investigation was performed for the detection of source of infection. What investigation should be made in the particular case?
+ The phage typing of all strains of typhoid fever bacteria.
? The phage typing of strains of typhoid fever bacteria isolated from patients.
? The phage typing of strains isolated from milk.
? The phage typing of strains of typhoid fever bacteria isolated from bacteria carrier.
? The sensibility determination of all strains of typhoid fever bacteria to typhoid fever bacteriophage.
78. An infectionist prescribed bacteriological investigation of blood for the patient suspected to have Typhoid fever. The reason of this investigation is explained by the fact that the first week of typhoid-paratyphoid diseases is characterized by:
+ Bacteremia.
? Toxinemia.
? Septicemia.
? Septicopiemia.
? Viremia.
79. Apatient complaining of headache, malaise weakness was taken to hospital on the 8th day of the disease. His blood was taken for serological investigation. During Widal test, agglutination with O-diagnosticum of typhoid fever in the solution 1:200 was detected. What diagnosis can be made on the basis of this investigation?
+ Typhoid fever.
? Shigellosis.
? Cholera.
? Leptospirosis.
? Tuberculosis.
80. During the inoculation of the patient’s feces, infected with typhoid fever, colonies of different colour and size (big red colonies and colourless of medium size colonies), grew on Endo agar. What group of media on appointment is the mentioned nutritious medium related to?
+ Differential-diagnostic.
? Elective.
? Special.
? Enrichment medium.
? Universal.
81. Some building team employees had dinner in the canteen. For dinner they ordered pork cutlets. In 8-10 hours they developed symptoms of acute gastroenteritis: nausea, vomiting, pain in the stomach, diarrhea, temperature elevated to 38°C. Two of them were taken to the infectious department. What bacteria caused the acute enteritis?
+ Salmonella.
? E. coli.
? Agent of Botulism.
? Shigella.
? Staphylococcus.
82. Widal test was made to diagnose a typhoid-paratyphoid disease. The test with O-antigen in solution 1:1600 and with typhoid fever H-antigen in solution 1:200 was positive. What does it manifest?
+ The second week of typhoid fever disease.
? The absence of typhoid-paratyphoid disease.
? Typhoid fever bacteria carrier.
? Incubation period of typhoid fever.
? Typhoid fever occurred in anamnesis earlier.
83. Apatient visited a doctor on the second week of the disease, that seems’ to be typhoid-paratyphoid one due to clinical-epidemiological data. The doctor decided to prove the diagnosis by specific antibodies detection. What preparation should be used for it?
+ Diagnosticums.
? Diagnosis sera.
? Labelled sera.
? Monoclonal antibodies.
? Adsorbed monovalent sera.
84. Pure culture of agent identified as Salmonella typhi by morphological, cultural and biochemical features was isolated from a patient suspected to have typhoid fever. What investigation should be used for final agent identification?
+ Serum identification.
? Serum diagnosis.
? Allergic diagnosis.
? Study sensitivity to antibiotics.
? Phage typing.
85. Apatient was taken to hospital with such symptoms: high temperature, rose spot rash on his breast and abdomen. A blood culture was isolated: gram-negative rod-shaped bacilli which created pink S-form colonies on Endo agar, when cultivated on peptone water they produce hydrogen sulphide. What is the patient’s illness?
+ Typhoid fever.
? Cholera.
? Shigellosis.
? Colienteritis.
? Q-fever.
86. When the feces of a man who had typhoid-paratyphoid disease was at first bacteriologically investigated, a culture, which fermented glucose, maltose, lactose making acid and gas, produced hydrogen sulphide and indole on Hiss media was isolated. Can the isolated bacteria culture be referred to salmonella? Why?
+ No, it can not. Salmonella doesn’t ferment lactose.
? Yes, it can. Salmonella ferments lactose.
? No, it can not. Salmonella doesn’t ferment glucose.
? No, it can not. Salmonella doesn’t ferment carbohydrates with creation of acid and gas.
? No, it can not. Salmonella doesn’t grow on Hiss media at all.
87. What material should be taken from a patient for bacteriological investigation to isolate the agent on early stage of the disease when typhoid fever is diagnosed?
+ Blood from the elbow vein – 5ml and grow on Rapoport medium.
? Feces – on Endo agar.
? Urine – on Chapek medium.
? Patient’s blood serum – Widal test.
? Smear from nasopharynx mucous membrane.
88. During bacteriological investigation of water from stomach of a patient who had food poisoning, a pure bacterial culture with such features as gram negative mobile bacillus, growing on Endo medium by way of colourless colonies, was seen. What genus caused the infection?
+ Salmonella.
? Shigella.
? Yersinia.
? Esherichia.
? Citrobacter.
89. Inpassive haemagglutination test made of erythrocyte typhoid fever Vi-diagnosticum antibodies were detected in serum solution 1:80 of man under investigation, which was more than diagnosis titre. Such result shows:
+ Possible bacteria carriage of typhoid fever agent.
? Acute typhoid fever disease.
? Typhoid fever relapse.
? Typhoid fever incubation period.
? Typhoid fever patient’s reconvalescence.
90. Antibodies against the disease agent appeared in the blood of a patient infected with Typhoid fever during the 2nd week of the disease. What is the mechanism of their protective action?
+ Opsonization, complement activation.
? Exotoxins neutralization.
? T-killers activation.
? B-lymphocytes activation.
? T-suppressors activation.
91. Because of Typhoid fever outbreak the necessity of caf? employees’ investigation appeared. What serological reaction should be used for bacteria carrier diagnosis?
+ Passive haemagglutination test with Vi-diagnosticum.
? Passive haemagglutination test.
? Latex-agglutination.
? Haemagglutination inhibition test.
? Haemagglutination test with antibody erythrocyte diagnosticum.
92. The agent which was referred to Salmonella, by morphological, cultural and biochemical features was isolated from a patient infected with gastroenteritis. What diagnostic preparation should be used for urgent identification of antigen properties?
+ Monoreceptor O-and H-sera.
? Polyvalent sera.
? Agglutinating diagnosis sera.
? Salmonellosis O-and H-diagnosticums.
? Monoreceptor sera O9 and O4.
93. Agent of the disease was isolated from a patient with acute gastroenteritis. It should be identified by antigen structure. What serological reaction should be used in this case?
+ Agglutination test.
? Complement fixation test.
? Neutralisation test.
? Precipitation test.
? Opsonisation test.
94. Blood of a patient suspected to have Typhoid fever (third day of the disease) was taken for investigation. It was grown in nutritious broth with bile addition. What was the purpose of adding bile to the nutritious medium?
+ For inhibition of other microorganisms growth.
? For pH medium stabilization.
? As growth factor for salmonella.
? As microelements source.
? For determination of agent biochemical activity.
95. During repeated Widal test, the titre increase in antibodies to O-antigens S. typhi from 1:100 to 1:400 was detected in patient’s serum. How can the result be interpreted?
+ He is ill with typhoid fever.
? He is an acute carrier of typhoid fever microorganisms.
? He is a chronic carrier of typhoid fever microorganisms.
? He had typhoid fever earlier.
? He was vaccinated against typhoid fever earlier.
96. Resistance to phagocytosis and pathogenesis of some bacteria, for example, typhoid fever salmonella, is explained by the presence of surface antigen which is the kind of K-antigen. What is it called?
+ Vi-antigen.
? H-antigen.
? O-antigen.
? A-antigen.
? M-antigen.
97. It is mentioned in the annotation to the preparation, that it has Typhoid fever agent antigens, which are absorbed on stabilized sheep erythrocytes. What is the preparation used for?
+ For antibodies detection in the passive haemagglutination test.
? For antibodies detection in the complement fixation test.
? For antibodies detection in Widal test.
? For antibodies detection in the haemagglutination inhibition test.
? For serological identification of typhoid fever agent.
98. Antibodies to Vi- antigen were determined in the blood serum of a cook of school canteen for Typhoid fever carrying. What test was used by the bacteriologist?
+ PHAT.
? Widal test.
? CFT.
? ELISA.
? IFT.
99. Apatient complaining of fever, for three days had: general weakness, insomnia, loss of appetite, visited an infectionist. The doctor made preliminary diagnosis of “typhoid fever”. What method of microbiological diagnosis should be administered to prove the diagnosis?
+ Blood culture (haemoculture) investigation.
? Stool culture investigation.
? Urine culture investigation.
? Biliculture investigation.
? Myeloculture investigation.
100. For serological bacteria carriage diagnosis, diagnosticum of sheep erythrocytes with absorbed on them Vi-antigens, Salmonella typhi processed by tannin was used. In what reaction will this diagnosticum be used?
+ PHAT.
? Haemagglutination inhibition test (HIT).
? HAT.
? PT.
? CFT.
101. Apatient suspected to have typhoid fever was taken to infectious department on the 5th day of the disease. What material from the patient should be investigated at this period?
+ Blood.
? Urine.
? Feces.
? Bile.
? Roseola content.
102. Apatient complaining of high temperature, abdominal pain, diarrhea and delirium, was taken to infectious department. A doctor suspected him of having Typhoid fever. What investigation will help to prove the diagnosis?
+ Hemoculture inoculation.
? Feces microscopy.
? Laboratory animal’s infection.
? Microscopy of preparation “crushed drop” from defecation.
? Skin allergic test.
103. Material from a patient infected with acute intestinal disease was inoculated on Endo agar and bismuth-sulfite agar, on which semi-transparent pink and black shining colonies grew correspondingly in 18 hours. What genus of Enterobacteriaceae family can the culture be referred to?
+ Salmonella.
? Shigella.
? Yersinia.
? Esherichia.
? Hafnia.
104. During feces bacteriological investigation of a 38-year-old female who had typhoid fever 1, 5 years ago, Salmonella typhi in quantity 102 cells/g of feces was detected. How can the condition of the patient be most exactly characterised?
+ Bacteria carriage.
? Dysbacteriosis.
? Reinfection.
? Superinfection.
? Recurrent infection.
105. The hospital received a patient with a primary diagnosis of Typhoid fever. What material should be collected from the patient for early diagnosis of the disease?
+Blood.
? Urine.
? Bile.
? Feces.
? The bone marrow.
106. Atyphoid patient, in serological study (Widal test) was detected with O-and H-hemagglutinins in titres 1:800 and 1:200 respectively. This suggests:
+ Period of recovery.
? Previously transmitted disease.
? Vaccination.
? Early disease.
? Could not confirm a diagnosis.
107. Inserological laboratory the blood of a patient with preliminary diagnosis of Typhoid fever was studied. When will the methods of serological diagnostics be effective?
+ A week.
? 3 days later.
? 12 hours later.
? A month.
? From the beginning of the disease.
108. Inbacteriological laboratory, blood from a patient suspected of typhoid fever is being studied. The pure culture of bacteria was isolated from blood. What serological reaction is necessary, to study the antigen structure of the causative agent?
+ Agglutination test.
? Precipitation test.
? CFT.
? ELISA.
? Flocculation test.
109. Apatient was hospitalized with diagnosis of typhoid fever. What nutritive medium is needed for hemoculture investigation?
+ Bile broth.
– MPB.
– Yolk-salt agar.
– Blood agar.
– L?wenstein-Jensen medium.
110. To perform a reaction of serological diagnostics of Typhoid fever, three types of bacteria are added to various titres of patients serum. The results of the reaction is estimated due to the presence of agglutinate. What is the mechanism of interaction of antigen and antibody in this reaction?
+ Agglutination.
– Lysis.
– Bacteriolysis.
– Haemolysis.
– Precipitation.
111. Blood serum of a patient suspected to have Typhoid fever was delivered to a serological laboratory. What antigen is needed for Widal test to diagnose typhoid fever?
+ Typhoid fever diagnosticum.
–Typhoid fever immune diagnostics serum.
–Life of Salmonella pure culture.
– Erythrocyte salmonella diagnosticum.
– Serum from the patient’s blood.
112. The blood of the patient suspected of Typhoid fever carrier was delivered to bacteriological laboratory for serological investigation. To reveal antibodies in the serum, erythrocytes diagnosticum with Vi-antigen of Typhoid fever agent was used. What results might be considered favourable?
+ Bonding of erythrocytes.
– Complete lysis of erythrocytes.
– Lack of haemolysis.
– Complement fixation.
– Formation of precipitation lines.
113. When performing passive haemoagglutination test, different titres of patient’s blood serum and erythrocytes Vi-dignosticum are used. What is the purpose of the reaction?
+To identify carriers of typhoid fever.
– For detection causative agents of typhoid fever in patients blood.
– To identify bacteriological pathogenic Escherichia coli.
– For detection of pathogens in patients blood.
– To detect antibodies to Escherichia coli in blood.
114. Taking into account Widal test, for diagnosis of Typhoid fever, it was estimated that the diagnose titre of antibodies to O-antigen was 1:1600 and to H-antigen 1:200. What period of the disease is it?
+The penk of disease.
– Incubation period.
– Prodromal period.
– The recovery period.
– Latent period.
115. Apatient suspected of typhoid fever carrier was Vi-haemoagglutination tested. What titre of the serum will have a diagnostic value?
+1:40.
– 1:80.
– 1:20.
– 1:320.
– 1:180.
116. Apatient was diagnosed with typhoid fever, at end of second week of illness, and was administered serological test with Widal test. Several hours later, positive results were obtained, by the appearance of large loose agglutinate. Antibodies to what antigen were determined in the blood serum which manifested the patient’s recovery?
+Antibodies to H-antigen.
– Antibodies to O-antigen.
– Antibodies to an antigen.
– Antibodies to Vi-antigen.
– Antibodies to M-antigen.
117. Blood of a patient with primary diagnose of Typhoid fever, was delivered to the laboratory for serologic investigation. Widal test was performed by inexperienced lab technician, who used only O- and H-diagnosticum S. typhi. What other diagnosticums were necessary to use to perform Widal test correctly?
+ A and B Paratyphoid
– K and Vi-diagnosticums S. typhi.
– Cholera and dysentery.
– Typhoid fever and recurrent fever.
– Erythrocyte O-and H-diagnosticums.
118. An out break of gastroenteritis was recorded after dinner. 12 of 23 people, developed diarrhea, headache, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, elevated body temperature, within 24 hours after dinner. Salad appeared to have caused the outbreak, as raw eggs were used for it. What microorganism is most likely to cause the infection?
+ Salmonella enterica.
– Enterotoxigenic E. coli.
– Vibrio cholera.
– Shigella dysenteriae.
– Vibrio parahaemolyticus.
119. During the post-mortem of 56-year-old male, 4-5cm in diameter ulcers were found in the terminal portion of small intestine. The edges of the ulcers were above the mucous membrane, the walls were covered by grayish-yellowish friable masses. Widal test was positive. What was the patient diagnosed with?
– Krohn’s disease.
+Typhoid fever.
– Dysentery.
– Relapsing fever.
– Paratyphoid.
120. A36-year-old female died of “acute abdomen”. At autopsy of the small intestine, there were deep ulcers in group of follicles, which were perforated. What disease caused the death of the patient?
+Typhoid fever.
– Dysentery.
– Typhus.
– Cholera.
– Amebiasis.
121. Apatient was admitted in hospital with diagnosis of typhoid fever. On the 11th day of illness, what material is needed to be taken from the patient for study during this period?
+Blood, for haemoculture.
– Mucus from the fauces.
– Scrapes from the urethra.
– Sputum.
– Cerebrospinal fluid.
122. On bacteriological study of patient’s feces with gastroenteritis on bismuth sulfite agar grown black colonies with metallic sheen. When studying biochemical properties of pure culture, there was fermentation of carbohydrates marked with acid and gas. What can be the pathogen?
+ Salmonella.
– Escherichia.
– Staphylococcus.
– Shigella.
– Proteus.
Causative agents of Cholera
123. What specific prophylaxis is done in cholera focus?
+ Immunization by cholera vaccine.
– Antibiotics are introduced orally.
– Disinfection.
– Cholera patients’ isolation and hospitalization.
– Intensification of sanitary supervision of food enterprises and reservoirs.
124. During the determination of agent, isolated from a patient suspected of having cholera, one agent identification stages is monotrichial mobility detection. What method is used for it?
– Loeffler’s staining method.
– Stab culture into gel.
+ Method of “hanging” or “crushed” drop.
– To grow a culture in peptone water.
– Stab culture into MPA.
125. Feces of a patient with diagnosis “cholera” were delivered to the laboratory of extremely dangerous infections. What method of bacteriological diagnostics should be used to prove or cancel the diagnosis?
– Allergic.
– Bacterioscopic.
– Biological.
– Virological.
+ Bacteriological.
126. To characterise isolated agent during feces investigation, a bacteriologist used such phrases: Isaev-Pfeiffer phenomenon, O-serum, Ermolieva method, alkaline agar, Diedonne medium. What is your answer as to the name of isolated coproculture?
+ Vibrio cholerae.
– Shigella flexneri.
– Streptococcus pyogenes.
– Klebsiella pneumoniae.
– Vibrio parahaemolyticus.
127. During first inoculation of investigated water on 1% alkaline peptone water, soft bluish film appeared on the medium surface 6 hours later. The agent of what disease are such cultural properties characteristics for?
+ Cholera agent.
– Plague agent.
– Tuberculosis agent.
– Shigellosis agent.
– Pseudotuberculosis agent.
128. Apatient complaining of constant diarrhea and vomiting, muscle pain in legs, weakness, and nausea, was taken to the infectious department. Having examined the patient, the doctor made preliminary diagnosis of “cholera”. How should the material from the patient be investigated to confirm the diagnosis as soon as possible?
+ Direct and indirect IFT.
– Agglutination test.
– Bacteriological method.
– Serological method.
– Biological method.
129. Inthe material taken from a patient with signs of enteritis during microscopic investigation gram-negative, a bit curved rod-shaped bacteria stirred in concentrations which looked like fish flocks were detected. On what nutritious medium should the patient’s defecation be inoculated to isolate pure agent culture?
– On MPA.
– On Endo agar.
– On MacConkey’s agar.
– On blood agar.
+ In 1% alkaline peptone water.
130. During microscopy of “crushed drop” preparation stained by Gram’s method, which were made on feces of a patient suspected to have cholera, gram-negative a bit curved, mobile bacilli, were detected. What additional investigation can be made for express-identification?
131. Vibrio cultures were isolated from feces and vomiting of a patient suspected to have cholera. With the help of what reaction can microorganism causing the disease be detected?
+ Agglutination test with sera having O-antibodies.
– Widal test.
– Precipitation test.
– Agglutination test with sera with H-antibodies.
–Passive haemagglutination test with erythrocyte antigen diagnosticum.
132. Apatient suspected to have cholera was taken to the infectious department. What basic investigative methods should be used to prove the diagnosis?
– Allergic.
– Biological test.
+ Bacteriological.
– Serological.
– Immunological.
133. An outbreak of diarrhea was registered in a village N. Because of suspicion of cholera patients’ feces were sent to the bacteriological laboratory for quick proof of the assumption. What express-methods should be used in the given case?
134. Apatient with diarrhea was taken to the infectious hospital. During bacteriological investigation of his feces, gram-negative curved bacilli were detected. A patient might have:
+ Cholera.
– Typhoid fever.
– Salmonella gastroenteritis.
– Diphtheria.
– Intestinal form of plague.
135. Gram-negative comma-shaped bacteria were detected in the stroke from patient’s feces. What properties should first be investigated with the help of microscope to get additional information about the detected microorganism?
+ Mobility.
– Capsule presence.
– Spores presence.
– Cysts presence.
– First fluorescence.
136. Pure culture of mobile, small, a bit curved gram-negative bacilli, growing for 6 hours in 1% alkaline peptone water in the form of soft blue film, were isolated from a patient with acute gastroenteritis. What organisms are characterized by such features?
+ Vibrios.
– Spirochetas.
– Clostridia.
– Bacilli.
– Spirillas.
137. Rather mobile, a bit curved gram-negative bacilli, which give positive reaction with Inaba diagnostic serum, was isolated from the patient’s vomiting. What symptoms will the patient most probably develop without treatment?
+ Dehydration of the organism.
– Bacteremia.
– Endotoxic shock.
– Skin eruption.
– Ulcerous damage of small intestine.
138. Incholera pathogenesis exo- and endotoxins, aggression ferments play a considerable role. The main symptom of this disease is dehydration. Which of the following pathogenetic actions is the major cause of dehydration?
+ Adenyl-cyclase activation.
– Neuramine acid chipping off.
– Hyaluronic acid destruction.
– Membrane phospholipids defect.
– Mucine destruction.
139. A30-year-old male with profuse diarrhea and vomiting which led to dehydration was taken to infectious hospital. Vibrio cholera was detected in patient’s discharge. Which of the agent’s pathogenetic factors was the most important in the development of patient’s symptoms?
+ Exotoxin.
– Endotoxin.
– Plasmocoagulase.
– Neuraminidase.
– Fibrinolysin.
140. For specific prophylaxis of cholera, inactivated (killed) vaccine was used earlier, which appeared to be less effective. It was necessary to improve the properties of the vaccine. What antigen of vibrio cholera should be added to make the vaccine more effective?
+ Cholerogen - toxoid.
– Cholera endotoxin.
– Cholera H-antigen.
– Cholera species antigen.
– Cholera type antigen.
141. Parenteral introduction of cholera vaccine was often ineffective. Enteral chemical bivalent vaccine consisting of toxoid and somatic type antigens was offered. Why was enteral introduction of this vaccine beneficial?
+ Because of formation of local immunity.
– Because of formation of general immunity.
– Because of formation of antitoxic immunity.
– Because of formation of antibacterial immunity.
– Because of formation of type specific immunity.
142. Inone of the sea ports, 30 cases of acute intestinal infection followed by profuse diarrhea, vomiting, severe dehydration were registered. Defecation looked like “rice water stool”. What disease can we suspect?
+ Cholera.
– Typhoid fever.
– Shigellosis.
– Plague.
– Salmonellosis.
143. Apatient suspected to have cholera, who has recently come from India, is taken to infectious hospital. Which of the following methods can be used for cholera express-diagnostics?
+ Microscopic.
– Allergic.
– Biological.
– Bacteriological.
– Serological.
144. Lake water, which is used for economic purposes, is taken to district bacteriological laboratory. During bacteriological inoculation, pure culture of vibrio cholera was isolated. What nutritious medium was used in this investigation?
+ 1% alkaline peptone agar.
– MPB.
– MPA.
– Endo agar.
– Triple sugar iron agar.
145. During the investigation of negative material containing cholera agent, during phase-contrast and dark field illumination characteristic’s, mobility of microorganism, are observed. What particularities of microbe cell is the mobility of the agent associated with?
+ Microorganism is monotrichaetes.
– Microorganism is peritrichaetes.
– Microorganism is spirilla.
– Microorganism has cilium.
– Microorganism has fimbria.
146. For specific systematic cholera prophylaxis it is necessary to choose the proper vaccine. For this, it is necessary to know the biotype of Vibrio cholera, causing the disease during recent years. This biotype is:
+ V. cholerae, eltor.
– V. cholerae, metchnikovi.
– V. cholerae, cholerae (V. cholerae, classic).
– V. cholerae, albensis.
– V. cholerae, proteus.
147. Determination of Vibrio cholera serotype could be used to identify a selected strain and to predict the epidemiological situation. How can that be done?
+ With the help of agglutination test with choleric O-specific and choleric type specific sera.
– With phagolysis by Mukherjee.
– Through studying the biochemical properties of Heiberg.
– By definition, the sensitivity of Vibrio cholerae to polymixin.
– Through the agglutination reaction with chicken erythrocyte.
148. Apatient’s vomit mass suspected to have cholera is taken to bacteriological laboratory. From the pathological material bacteriologist prepared the preparation by "hanging" drop. What method is microscopy used to identify the causative agent, given its mobility?
+ Phase-contrast microscopy.
– Electron Microscopy.
– Immunoelectronic microscopy.
– Fluorescent microscopy.
– Immersion microscopy.
149. Apatient is vomiting suspected to have cholera is taken to bacteriological laboratory. From the pathological material, bacteriologist prepared the medication "hanging" drop in the dark field illumination. Dark field illumination will provide an opportunity to determine the mobility of a pathogen, which is an important diagnostic sign. What product has to be processed for microscopic observation?
+ None.
– Luminescent serum.
– Bleach solution.
– Methylene blue solution.
– Alkaline peptone water.
150. From the patient is vomiting were found, slightly curved gram-negative bacillus, identified as choleric vibrio. What test will to differentiate the classical biotype cholera vibrio from El Tor biotype?
+ Growth of bacteria on agar with polymixin.
– The reaction of agglutination test with the O1 choleric serum.
– Fermentation of lactose.
– Growth on 1% alkaline peptone agar.
– View ”fish flocks” in Microscopy.
151. 18-year-old girl from rural India has diarrhea with fluid loss of up to 8 liters a day. What microorganism may cause the disease?
+ Vibrio cholerae.
– Campylobacter jejuni.
– Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli.
– Salmonella typhi.
– Shigella dysenteriae.
152. From the vomiting of a patient with acute gastroenteritis, are Gram-negative microorganisms, in a slightly curved sticks. What experiment will determine whether the pathogen is Vibrio cholerae or not?
+ Study of antigenic and biochemical properties.
– Identification of enzymes pathogenicity.
– Determination of toxigenic properties in precipitation reaction.
– Determination of sensitivity to antibiotics.
– Infection material from patient of laboratory animals.
153. Inwhich basic methods for diagnosis of cholera, help to put an accurate laboratory diagnosis?
+ At the biochemical characteristics of Vibrio cholerae.
– For the protection of Vibrio in the studied material.
– In the presence of several serotypes.
– For undemanding to growth media.
– On the cultural properties.
154. With the opening of the deceased, convulsions, signs of dehydration of organism in the small intestinal lumen revealed fluids, which resembled ”rice water” . Mucosa is swollen with haemorrhage from which infectious disease is characterized by such features?