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§4. Relationship of aesthetics to other sciences
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§4. Relationship of aesthetics to other sciences

It must be borne in mind that aesthetic issues important place on the methodology of aesthetic cognition and activities, as well as communication and interaction with other aesthetic spiritual values of human.

Relationship with the philosophy of aesthetics, its philosophical nature of the "issues" and himself an aesthetic of categories of science, which are widely used in such philosophical categories as "objective" and "subjective", "content" and "form", "progress" and "regress" and number of other categories.

Of course, one should not literally identify the aesthetics and philosophy. And she and the other spheres of spiritual life retain their specificity. It is only on this interaction of which creates a certain way as philosophical and aesthetic attitudes. Philosophy, in particular, "arming" the aesthetics of a systematic approach helps to consider aesthetic objects, like a certain integrity that has one or other specific aesthetic features.

In turn, the aesthetic philosophy helps to create a universal conception of man, his opportunities, reveals the inner harmony of the human world, points to the creative nature of all aspects of his life, the possibility of their transformation under the laws of beauty. In aesthetics are actively used by a variety of philosophical and scientific methods.

One of the most important features of aesthetics lies in its connection with the theory and practice of world culture, which is a powerful source of supply as the aesthetics of ideas, thoughts, and the most important concrete material for the analysis of various aspects of man's spiritual activity. Aesthetics at the same time seeks to identify and investigate the general laws of artistic creation and development of art as a kind of spiritual whole, establishes its connection with life, social and personal practices of people who identify very specific artistic activity, which is extremely difficult to understand, while remaining within the limits of any one of Arts

Very close is the relationship between aesthetics and psychology, which investigates and reveals mechanisms for the occurrence, operation, transformation of emotions, including aesthetic and underlying comprehension of human beauty. The role of psychology in the study of this problem is so significant that some scholars have almost equate these two sciences, or at least, are ready to interpret the psychology of the part, which is associated with the aesthetic as an experimental aesthetics. The basis of this belief is the idea that pleasure of beauty is the communication process.

Rejecting the extremes of such a comparison of these sciences, we should recognize that their cooperation is indeed extremely valuable for both sides. This interaction is effectively implemented in the investigation of psychology of the creative process of artistic creation of values, analysis of works of art themselves, a process of aesthetic perception of the recipient (viewer, listener, reader).

In recent decades, the methodology of aesthetics and more persistently penetrate trends associated with the era of scientific and technological revolution. Are increasingly being used in aesthetic research methods of science, cybernetics, mathematics, etc. This is especially true for these two broad fields of aesthetic, the art and the aesthetic design of a man of his environment. Increasingly "invade" the aesthetics and methods of cybernetics. With their help it is possible to simulate some aspects of the processes of artistic creation. Machines (more precisely, the program contained in them), write music, write poetry, play chess, etc.

For example, in art semiotics (science of signs and sign systems), helps to investigate the structure of the artwork. Patterns of sign systems, semiotics of disclosures, allow to identify specific connections between literary works and their meanings (semantics), the structural relations between the elements forming the aesthetic and artistic point (syntactic), the communicative function of art (pragmatics). Semiotic analysis clarifies the content and the relationship of such traditional notions of art as an artistic image, type, form, allegory, metaphor, etc. Semiotics claims and a more active part in the study of aesthetic problems. Semiotic approach may have some importance for understanding the structure of aesthetic values and aesthetic attitude toward them.

Later, the terms «estanome», «estanomai», «eisentikos» have lost their direct link with the concept of feelings, the subject began to make sense of aesthetics much broader in scope and content: perfect, proportional, harmonious, beautiful and aesthetical.

Therefore it is necessary to consider the history of aesthetics, which has a long and deep roots.

The first shoots of artistic knowledge and understanding of reality can already be found in mythological texts. The formation of aesthetic knowledge is not linked to any one specific country, as it is characteristic of both Greek philosophy and the philosophy of China, India, the Arab-Muslim world, the Byzantine Empire.



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